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St. John's, Newfoundland.

Engineering casebook

Case 14 / Robust control

Quadrotor PD and LADRC control study

A nonlinear quadrotor simulation comparing cascaded PD and linear active disturbance rejection control, from vehicle modelling to discrete controller implementation.

Nonlinear simulation · disturbance tests · MATLAB S-functions
Control systemsFlight control & GNCMATLAB/Simulink
My work

Vehicle modelling, controller design and discrete implementation

The engineering question

What changes when an observer estimates disturbance effects, and how do you preserve the controller through discretization?

I derived a quadrotor model, linearized it around hover, designed cascaded PD and linear active disturbance rejection controllers, and implemented discrete MATLAB S-functions. The study examines nominal tracking, disturbance response and model uncertainty through simulation.

Inside the method

Method and workflow

  1. 01

    Build the plant

    Connect motor mixing, forces and moments with nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom motion.

  2. 02

    Set a baseline

    Design cascaded PD loops and inspect the nominal response before adding a disturbance observer.

  3. 03

    Apply the same test

    Inspect recorded disturbance and model-uncertainty simulations under the source study conditions.

  4. 04

    Implement discretely

    Compare discrete/S-function implementation with its simulation counterpart before moving to hardware.

Project figures / 6 selected figures

Project figures

01 / 06
Nonlinear quadrotor model
Nonlinear quadrotor model
Nonlinear quadrotor model

Simulation structure connecting rotor inputs with six-degree-of-freedom rigid-body motion.

Open full-size image ↗
Technical notes

Model assumptions and scope

  • Controller comparisons apply to the simulated plant, disturbances and parameter changes shown.
  • These figures show simulation results. Related hardware integration and flight experiments are presented separately.
Potential extensions

Compare the controllers under matched sampling, actuator limits and disturbance conditions, then evaluate the selected implementation on hardware.

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